Improvement in anchors



. W 0 tant @anni @ihm `TO'HN WALTER MORGAN, OF SALTNEY, GREAT BRITAIN. Letters Patent No. 89,232, dated April '20, 1869.

IMPROVEMENT IN menons.

The Schedule referred to in these Letters Patent and making part of the lame.

To all whom it may concern.-

to the accompanying drawings, making a part of this specification, in which- Figure 1, sheet 1, is a front view of the improved anchor, complete.

Figure 2, sheet 1, is a sectional view of the saine.. i

Figure 3, sheet 1, is a sectional view, showing the. position of the arms with respect to the shank, when the anchor is holding.

Figures 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 12, 13, and 14, sheet 2, show the details of construction, and several-modifications of the improvements.

The object of this invention is to produce a ships anchor, or a mooring anchor, which shall combine in its construction the following advantages, to wit:

- For holding, it has twopalms biting in the ground, instead'of one.

It will act as well without as with a stock.

When hanging over the bows of a vessel, it will lie flatA against the vessels side, thus avoiding the risk of driving the pea through the bows, in coming alongside a. pier-head.

1f used without a stock, it could not possibly foul.

It is well adapted for sailing-craft and Steamers going up rivers, and lying iu shallow water, as both dukes being down, the anchor could not damage the ships bottom in case of overriding, or lying on it.

It can be stowed away on deck in separate pieces, thus avoiding the necessity of having the whole weight concentrated in one part; and when used in ram-bowed vessels, it would follow up the side, and thus work with a short cat-head, or none at all.

The nature o f my invention consists- First, in attaching the arms of the anchor to the shank thereof by a joint, which is located within the crown of the said arms, and so constructed as `to allow the arms to articulate about said joint, and to assume a vertical position when hanging over the bows of a ship, as will be hereinafter explained.

Secondly, in securing the arms of the anchor, at the centre of the crown thereof, to a block, or its equiva lent, which is so constructed as to afford a pivotal attachment of the arms to the shank, and also afford abutments on opposite sides of the shank, for limiting the amount of articulation of the parts, and allowing the joint to be brought within the crown of the anchor, as will be hereinafter explained.

"Thirdly, in constructing the flukes withtheir flat sides in the plane of their arms, and so .that they cannot readily foul with the` cable, as will be hereinafter explained.

The following is a description of the best means known to me for carrying my invention into practical effect.

In sheet 1, of the accompanying drawings- A is the shank of the anchor; B, the arms, with ilukes M M formed on them, with their' ilat faces in the plane of the arms;

Oris the shackle, to which the ships cable isattached;

` and F is a block, by which the arms and shank are connected.

The stock S, and link-attachment h e, may be made in the manner shown, or the stock may be constructed and applied as will be hereinafter explained.

.The block Fis securedI to the centre of the crown of the arms B, by slotting this block, and fitting the crown snugly in to its slot, using apin, g, passed through the block and arms, forsecuring them rigidly together,I as shown in figs. 2 and'3.

he head ofthe block F is liush with the crown of the arms B, but the opposite end of this block extends inward from the arms, and is perforated transversely,

or in the plane of the arms B, to receive a pin, c, which i also passes through jawsb b, formed on the end of the shank A, and thus connects the block andarms to the c shank by a -pivot-joint, which joint, it willbe seen, is within the crown of the arms.

Block F has lugs n u formed on its inner corners, on opposite sides of the pivot c, which are designed to limit the articulation of thearms about their axis of `motion,by coming against the planes jj on shank as indicated in tig. 3. These stops will limit the augle which the arms are required to assume with respect to the shank, or 'vice versa.

By this construction of and manner of attaching the parts, it will be seen that the arms of the anchor are free to vibrate about their pivotal connection to the shank, and that the tendency of the arms is to assume a vertical position, in whatever position the shank may be, in the act of casting or weighing anchor, or when it is a-cockbill, and when the anchor lies upon the ground, the block F will cause its arms to pitch forward, ready to enterthe ground, and take firm hold with` both ilukes or palms.

Each one of the flukes M is constructed, upon its respective arm, withA the hooked wing f inside, or nearest the shank, and with its outer wing rounded at i, thus preventing the ships cable from fouling upon the dukes.

I prefer to construct and connect the several parts of the improved anclior in the manner above described and shown in sheet 1' of the drawings; but I ,have `ilhistrated, upon sheet 2 of the drawings, several modifications of said parts, together with a plan of constructing a stock, and applying it to the shank of an anchor, so that it is not liable to foul with the ships cable.

In figs. 4, 5, 6, 9, 10, b' b' represent two straps, which are fastened rigidly to the shank A' by the oval catter c2, through the ends of which straps a pivot-pin, c, passes, which connects the shank A to a lug, or eyepiece, t, formed on a gab-strap, F.

In figs. 1, 2, and 3, sheet 2, the straps b b' are dispensed with, by forging the jaws b b solid upon the shank, which is much stronger and better.

The gab-strap Fl is a strip of metal, with -an ey'epiece, t, formed on it, at the middle of its length, which strip is bent about the crown ofthe arms B', as shown on sheet 2, and secured thereto by a pin, g1, asin figs. 4 and 5, or by a key, g2, passing through a key-way made through the crown of the anchor, as in iig. 6.

The outward curves or hooks of the gab-strap F will serve to give the arms B the required pitch when lying upon the ground.

The planes f and n coming in contact, limit the angle of the shank A' when the strain is on the cable. Other methods of limiting the angle of the shank A', are, by'forming the end of the gab-strap F* as shown in g. 9, marked n' u', in which case the curved ends of the gab-strap, as shown iu iig. 5, maybe dispensed with, or, as in fig. 8, where the end of the shank A' has on each side planes j', which come in contact with the planes n on the gab-strap F, the shank swivellingA on the pin c. y l y InvFigure l1, the .strap E embraces the crown of the anchor, and its reduced ends pass through a curved plate, F2, andare secured by keys passed through them.

If desirable, a stock may be used with my improved anchor, constructed and applied as follows:

This stock, shown in figs. 13 and 14, is formed of two plates, S, fastened together at their ends by bolts and nuts, or otherwise.

Two lugs are forged into the shank A', Which enter gaps out into t-he plates S, of such form as will allow the stock to radiate on the said lugs, and thereby readily slip the cable. -4By this arrangement, the hole N, through the shank, as shown in igs. 2 and 3, sheet 1, can be dispensed with.

In all of these plans, it will be observed that I pivot the anchor-arms to the shank at a point which is within the crown of the' anchor, and provide for limiting the angle of vthe shank.

-Having described my invention,

What I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letv 1. Anchor-arms B, which are pivoted to the shank A,throngh the block F, or its equivalent, at a point inside the crown of the anchor, substantially as and for the purposes described.

2. The block F, or its equivalent, constructed as dey scribed, and secured to the crown ofthe anchor, and

pivoted to the shank thereof, substantially as set forth.

JOHN WALTER MORGAN.

Witnesses: K

THOMAS H. DUDLEY,

U. 'S'. Consul, Liverpool. O. H. DENNET,

Clerk U. S. Consulate, Liverpool. 

